A new study has shed light on why having two copies of each chromosome is crucial, identifying a mechanism that maintains biallelic gene dosage.

Researchers have identified a suite of genes that influence head shape in humans, helping to explain head shape diversity and potentially conditions affecting the skull.

Beyond glycemic benefits, users of the app also reported significantly less-related emotional distress than standard care (−1.9 vs 1.7 points in composite survey scores, P =0.03).

“We are currently working on making technology like this accessible to patients outside of research settings because we think it can really help patients in underserved areas who need high-touch care to get their under control,” Nayak said.

The researchers developed their custom voice-based AI app and had it powered by Alexa (Amazon wasn’t involved with the study). The software was equipped with titration algorithms by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American College of Endocrinology and included emergency protocols to handle hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.

A key stress neurotransmitter is increased during heavy alcohol drinking, and may play a role in alcohol withdrawal symptoms, reports a new study in mice.

Scientists believe a treatment derived from used coffee grounds could help prevent neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, or Huntington’s.

Buffalofish have surprisingly long life spans, a new study shows—and live their best lives into their 80s and 90s. What can humans learn from them?

A collaborative team of scientists has explored and mapped the cellular landscape of the cerebellum, leading to new insights on the evolution of the human brain.

In a new study using brain scans of former NFL athletes, Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers say they found high levels of a repair protein present long after a traumatic brain injury such as a concussion takes place. The repair protein, known as 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO), is known to be present in the brain at high levels in the immediate aftermath of brain injury as part of the inflammatory response and to facilitate repair. The new findings, published Oct. 30 in JAMA Network Open, suggest that brain injury and repair processes persist for years after players end collision sports careers, and lead to long-term cognitive problems such as memory loss.

“The findings show that participating in repeated collision sports like football may have a direct link to long-term inflammation in the brain,” says Jennifer Coughlin, M.D., associate professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Ongoing studies like the current one, she says, add details about how the brain heals — or doesn’t — and how repeated brain injuries, even mild ones that players routinely shake off, may over time affect cognitive abilities.

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They are the most common type of planet observed in our Milky Way galaxy — two to three times the diameter of Earth but smaller than Neptune, and orbiting closer to their stars than our solar system’s innermost planet Mercury does to the sun.

A speech prosthetic developed by a collaborative team of Duke neuroscientists, neurosurgeons, and engineers can translate a person’s brain signals into what they’re trying to say.

Appearing Nov. 6 in the journal Nature Communications, the new technology might one day help people unable to talk due to neurological disorders regain the ability to communicate through a brain-computer interface.

“There are many patients who suffer from debilitating motor disorders, like ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) or locked-in syndrome, that can impair their ability to speak,” said Gregory Cogan, Ph.D., a professor of neurology at Duke University’s School of Medicine and one of the lead researchers involved in the project. “But the current tools available to allow them to communicate are generally very slow and cumbersome.”