Competition between the U.S. and China in quantum computing revolves, in part, around the role such a system could play in breaking the encryption that makes things secure on the internet.
Truly useful quantum computing applications could be as much as a decade away, Aaronson says. Initially, these tools would be highly specialized.
“The way I put it is that we’re now entering the very, very early, vacuum-tube era of quantum computers,” he says.
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