Hawking radiation is a form of radiation emitted by black holes, as theoretically predicted by Stephen Hawking. It suggests that black holes do not merely swallow matter—as had previously been assumed—but also emit very faint radiation themselves. This radiation has not yet been observed in space; instead, researchers use models in the laboratory that mimic the behavior of black holes.
Although the effect of Hawking radiation is well known in astrophysics, the mechanism by which it arises in a gravitational context has not yet been fully elucidated. A scientist from Paderborn University along with an international team of researchers from the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel and Cinvestav in Mexico is now shedding light on this mechanism using gravitational analogs in the laboratory.
The team has theoretically modeled the process by which Hawking radiation is generated in a nonlinear optical environment, identifying a simple, direct mechanism in the process. Furthermore, the team was able to observe in experiments that the radiation affects the system. The results have now been published in Nature.
Dark matter accounts for 85% of the matter in the universe, but scientists still do not know what it is made of. A study, published in Physical Review Letters, by Rice University researchers proposes a detector design that could help search for axions, hypothetical particles that many physicists think could make up dark matter.
The proposed detector would rely on a class of semiconductor materials whose response changes when their orientation shifts within a magnetic field. This material response makes it easier to tune the detector, allowing researchers to probe a range of axion masses that have remained difficult to explore with existing technologies.
“We are proposing a well-studied material from condensed matter physics for a new application—axion detection,” said Jaanita Mehrani, a doctoral student in Rice’s Applied Physics Graduate Program who is the first author on the study. “What’s different about this material is that it doesn’t have to use complex mechanical tuning mechanisms, it simply tunes with the magnetic field.”
Everything around us, from atoms and molecules to planets and galaxies, is governed by two extraordinarily successful theories of physics: quantum mechanics and gravity. Quantum mechanics explains the behavior of the microscopic world, while Einstein’s theory of gravity describes the motion of stars, black holes and the expansion of the universe. Yet despite their successes, physicists are still searching for a theory of “quantum gravity” that would unite them into a single description of nature.
One of the most widely expected features of such a theory is that gravity should obey the laws of quantum mechanics. And this is where it gets difficult: Quantum mechanics predicts that any object can be delocalized over multiple places at once, which is routinely tested in experiments with atoms and even small clumps of metal. Gravity, according to Einstein’s theory, is space and time itself—it can be curved, flat or even have waves propagating through it, as confirmed by gravitational wave detectors. So many physicists believe that spacetime around a quantum object would also exist in multiple “states” simultaneously.
But what would such a situation actually look like?
🌌 Holographic theory suggests a profound idea: the universe may store information on its boundary, while the spacetime we experience emerges from that information. In this view, gravity is not only a force between masses.
Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about the new explanation for what time actually is and a creation of a mini universe in the lab. Links: https://journals.aps.org/prresearch/p… #time #physics #boseeinsteincondensate.
0:00 Experiment that changes how we think about time. 1:30 Measuring the mini universe. 2:05 What is Bose-Einstein Condensate? 3:00 Entropy? 3:50 The problem of time. 5:08 How this was tested. 6:05 Mini Big Bang and the simulation of time. 7:05 Results and what this means for the idea of time. 8:00 Strange observations. 9:05 Implications and conclusions.
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The world’s most powerful particle accelerator will shutter operations Monday for four years of renovations to dramatically boost its collision capacity and the potential for unlocking one of the greatest mysteries of the universe: dark matter.
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC)—a 27-kilometer (17-mile) proton-smashing circular tunnel at the heart of Europe’s physics lab CERN near Geneva—has most famously been used to prove the existence of the Higgs boson, dubbed “the God particle.”
In the tunnel, running about 100 meters (330 feet) below the French-Swiss border area, superconducting magnets and accelerating structures propel particles to extreme energies and then smash them together at phenomenal speeds.
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In the 19th century, scientists came up with the idea of the “aether,” a medium that filled all of space and allowed forces to travel from one place to another. While this was famously proved wrong by the Michelson-Morley experiment, the idea of the aether made a comeback. The new aether is compatible with Einstein’s theories and could explain dark energy and maybe even dark matter. Let’s take a look.
The biggest open problem in the foundations of physics is that Einstein’s theory of gravity, General Relativity, does not cooperate with quantum mechanics. Physicists have tried to solve this issue by coming up with a theory of quantum gravity, but those theories fall apart when you need them most – inside of black holes and at the Big Bang. Recently, though, physicists published a new calculation for the Big Bang, with a theory called quadratic gravity, which lets us skip over quantum gravity entirely, and that could explain the origin of time. Let’s take a look.
Paper: https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract… mugs, posters and more: ➜ https://sabines-store.dashery.com/ 💌 Support me on Donorbox ➜ https://donorbox.org/swtg 👉 Transcript with links to references on Patreon ➜ / sabine 📝 Transcripts and written news on Substack ➜ https://sciencewtg.substack.com/ 📩 Free weekly science newsletter ➜ https://sabinehossenfelder.com/newsle… 👂 Audio only podcast ➜ https://open.spotify.com/show/0MkNfXl… 🔗 Join this channel to get access to perks ➜ / @sabinehossenfelder 📚 Buy my book ➜ https://amzn.to/3HSAWJW #science #sciencenews #physics #gravity This video discusses a new explanation for the beginning of the universe, published in PRL, which addresses quantum gravity and the period before time began. It features a presenter discussing “Asymptotically Safe Gravity” and includes scientific graphics and charts related to cosmological research. This new idea elegantly addresses the origin of the universe and offers a fresh perspective on space time, making it a significant contribution to science news.
This video discusses a new explanation for the beginning of the universe, published in PRL, which addresses quantum gravity and the period before time began. It features a presenter discussing \.
Can we actually test whether the multiverse is real? Not just philosophicallybut scientifically?
Quantum physicist Maria Violaris presents five remarkable experiments, from Schrödinger’s cat to Google’s Willow quantum chip, that put the multiverse to the test. Along the way, she untangles two of the strangest phenomena in all of physics — quantum measurement and entanglement — and reveals how a thought experiment designed to test the multiverse in 1985 accidentally launched today’s billion-dollar quantum computing race.
Maria also shares a puzzling thought experiment of her own that overturns a long-held assumption: that you can never communicate across branches of the multiverse.
Join this channel to get access to Maria’s exclusive Member’s Only Q&A: / @theroyalinstitution.
Maria Violaris is a quantum physicist and prize-winning science communicator with a PhD in the foundations of quantum information from the University of Oxford. She works on quantum theory research at Oxford Quantum Circuits, runs a YouTube channel and the Quantum Foundations Podcast, and pioneered the use of quantum thought experiments for quantum computing education through her Quantum Paradoxes series at IBM Quantum.
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One of the most popular ideas in physics right now is something named “ER = EPR.” This theory has it that entangled particles are actually linked by tiny, tiny wormholes. Recently, a group of physicists tested the idea – let’s take a look at their findings.
