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Category: cosmology

Dark dwarfs lurking at the center of our galaxy might hint at the nature of dark matter

Celestial objects known as dark dwarfs may be hiding at the center of our galaxy and could offer key clues to uncover the nature of one of the most mysterious and fundamental phenomena in contemporary cosmology: dark matter.

A paper published in the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics by a team of researchers based in the UK and Hawaii describes these objects for the first time and proposes how to verify their existence using current observational tools such as the James Webb Space Telescope. The paper is titled “Dark Dwarfs: Dark Matter-Powered Sub-Stellar Objects Awaiting Discovery at the Galactic Center.”

The Anglo-U.S. team behind the study named them dark dwarfs. Not because they are dark bodies—on the contrary—but because of their special link with dark matter, one of the most central topics in current cosmology and astrophysics research.

Radio signal from the very early universe offers clues about the first stars

Understanding how the universe transitioned from darkness to light with the formation of the first stars and galaxies is a key turning point in the universe’s development, known as the Cosmic Dawn. However, even with the most powerful telescopes, we can’t directly observe these earliest stars, so determining their properties is one of the biggest challenges in astronomy.

Now, an international group of astronomers led by the University of Cambridge has shown that we will be able to learn about the masses of the earliest stars by studying a specific radio signal—created by hydrogen atoms filling the gaps between star-forming regions—originating just a hundred million years after the Big Bang.

By studying how the first stars and their remnants affected this signal, called the 21-centimeter signal, the researchers have shown that future radio telescopes will help us understand the very early universe, and how it transformed from a nearly homogeneous mass of mostly hydrogen to the incredible complexity we see today. Their results are reported in the journal Nature Astronomy.

Machine learning outpaces supercomputers for simulating galaxy evolution coupled with supernova explosion

Researchers have used machine learning to dramatically speed up the processing time when simulating galaxy evolution coupled with supernova explosion. This approach could help us understand the origins of our own galaxy, particularly the elements essential for life in the Milky Way.

The findings are published in The Astrophysical Journal.

The team was led by Keiya Hirashima at the RIKEN Center for Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences (iTHEMS) in Japan, along with colleagues from the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics (MPA) and the Flatiron Institute.

Could AI help us better understand the universe?

For almost as long as humans have existed, we have been trying to make sense of the cosmos. What started as philosophical musing has, following the advent of the telescope and the ability to look ever farther into space (and ever earlier in time), become a thriving field of research.

Today, scientists seek to understand the properties governing how our universe behaves. These properties are characterized mathematically as so-called cosmological parameters, which fit into our models of the cosmos. The more precisely these parameters can be measured, the better we are able to differentiate between models, as well as validate — or rule out — long-held theories, including Einstein’s general theory of relativity. Because different models can hold vastly different predictions for both our universe’s earliest moments and eventual fate, that differentiation is vital.

To date, some of the biggest challenges include more tightly constraining parameters such as those that determine the precise amount and nature of dark matter, the source of dark energy and the repulsive force that it exerts, and exactly how neutrinos behave.

New Quantum Data Suggests The Butterfly Effect Operates on Galactic Scale

Could a single quantum ripple have shaped the entire universe? This video uncovers the groundbreaking evidence behind the cosmic butterfly effect—where microscopic quantum events influence galaxies, black holes, and even the fate of time itself.

In this episode, we explore how quantum fluctuations during cosmic inflation may have triggered the formation of the Milky Way, why black holes are the most chaotic systems in existence, and how recent discoveries in entanglement, chaos theory, and entropy are rewriting the rules of reality.

🔍 Featuring insights from:

Physical Review Letters (2024): Quantum simulations proving micro-changes alter entire universes.

MIT’s Cosmic Bell Test: Entanglement confirmed over billions of light years.

Physicists Close In on the Fifth Force That Could Unlock the Mystery of Dark Matter

Scientists are using trapped ions in cutting-edge experiments to hunt for signs of an undiscovered particle that might help unravel the mystery of dark matter. The Standard Model of particle physics offers an exceptionally precise description of the fundamental components that form all visible ma

Growing evidence for evolving dark energy could inspire a new model of the universe

The birth, growth and future of our universe are eternally fascinating.

In the last decades, telescopes have been able to observe the skies with unprecedented precision and sensitivity.

Our research team on the South Pole Telescope is studying how the universe evolved and has changed over time. We have just released two years’ worth of mapping of the infant universe over 1/25th of the sky.

“There is only one interpretation of quantum mechanics” | David Deutsch FULL INTERVIEW

David Deutsch, known as the ‘father of quantum computing’, explains how accepting the reality of quantum mechanics means accepting the multiverse.

How are the branches of a multiverse different from each other?

With a free trial, you can watch David Deutsch debate infinity with George Ellis and Sara Walker at https://iai.tv/video/the-edge-of-the-universe?utm_source=You…of-reality.

The many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics says that all possible outcomes of quantum measurements are physically realised in different worlds. These many worlds have proved extremely contentious, with critics arguing that they are mere fantasy. In this exclusive interview, leading physicist David Deutsch explains the philosophy behind the many-worlds interpretation and argues that not only is it the best interpretation of quantum mechanics – it is the only interpretation.

#quantum #quantummechanics #quantumphysics #quantumcomputing.

David Deutsch is a theoretical physicist best known as the founding father of quantum computation and as a key figure and advocate for the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics. Deutsch is a Visiting Professor of physics at the Centre for Quantum Computation and the Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford University. Interviewed by Charlie Barnett, Senior Producer at the IAI.

Continue reading ““There is only one interpretation of quantum mechanics” | David Deutsch FULL INTERVIEW” | >

Double detonation: New image shows remains of star destroyed by pair of explosions

For the first time, astronomers have obtained visual evidence that a star met its end by detonating twice. By studying the centuries-old remains of supernova SNR 0509–67.5 with the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope (ESO’s VLT), they have found patterns that confirm its star suffered a pair of explosive blasts.

ALMA reveals hidden structures in the first galaxies of the universe

Astronomers have used the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) to peer into the early universe and uncover the building blocks of galaxies during their formative years. The CRISTAL survey—short for [CII] Resolved ISM in STar-forming galaxies with ALMA—reveals cold gas, dust, and clumpy star formation in galaxies observed as they appeared just 1 billion years after the Big Bang.

“Thanks to ALMA’s unique sensitivity and resolution, we can resolve the internal structure of these early in ways never possible before,” said Rodrigo Herrera-Camus, principal investigator of the CRISTAL survey, professor at Universidad de Concepción, and Director of the Millennium Nucleus for Galaxy Formation (MINGAL) in Chile. “CRISTAL is showing us how the first galactic disks formed, how stars emerged in giant clumps, and how gas shaped the galaxies we see today.”

CRISTAL, an ALMA Large Program, observed 39 typical star-forming galaxies selected to represent the main population of galaxies in the early universe. Using [CII] line emission, a specific type of light emitted by ionized in cold interstellar gas, as a tracer of and dust, and combining it with near-infrared images from the James Webb and Hubble Space Telescopes, researchers created a detailed map of the interstellar medium in each system.