A new systematic review has presented strong evidence the development of type 1 diabetes is linked to infection by enterovirus, a large group of common viruses. The findings build on a growing hypothesis linking the viruses to type 1 diabetes, with vaccines currently in development targeting the most likely viral strains.
The suggestion an enterovirus infection can trigger type 1 diabetes goes back more than 50 years, to a report published in 1969 that linked new-onset diabetes to recent infections with an enterovirus called Coxsackie B. Since then there have been a number of different studies published digging into this link, and the results have been frustratingly inconsistent.
A key 2011 study offered the first systematic review on the subject, focusing on modern molecular testing techniques (such as PCR tests). It found a clinically significant association between enterovirus infection and type 1 diabetes.
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