Rongze Olivia Lu & colleagues provide a Commentary on Xinchun Zhang et al.: https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI195556
Address correspondence to: Rongze Olivia Lu, Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, 1,450 3rd St., Helen Diller Cancer Building, San Francisco, California 94,158, USA. Email: [email protected].
New HCM research: radionuclide-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) imaging detects cardiac fibroblast activation before CMR-identified myocardial remodeling. Early detection may offer new insights into HCM.
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Humans think they can conquer everything in this world, like they have a solution for every problem, but this is where people get greedy, overambitious and most importantly, desperate. For example, in most of the science fiction and survival thrillers, people dig their own grave by creating deadly viruses in the labs, sometimes for political reasons and sometimes to create a medical miracle. These movies show how these man-made viruses wipe out humanity and make the world a living hell for a few immune survivors. Now, this has been a widely explored trope in every survival thriller, but deep beneath this layer, these films talk about something really ominous about our future.
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Cancer often begins when the genetic instructions that guide our cells become scrambled, allowing cells to grow uncontrollably. Now, scientists at EMBL have developed an AI-powered system called MAGIC that can automatically spot and tag cells showing early signs of chromosomal trouble—tiny DNA-filled structures known as micronuclei that are linked to future cancer development.
JNeurosci: Martin-Correa et al. combined high-end volumetric electron microscopy and axon labeling methods to measure the synapses established in adult mouse somatosensory area 2 by specific thalamic cell populations.
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The synaptic circuits established by thalamocortical axons from the ventral posteromedial (VPM) and posterior (Po) nuclei in the first somatosensory cortex have been mapped in high detail as they are a prime model in functional and modeling studies of the interactions between the thalamus and cerebral cortex. In addition, VPM and Po neurons innervate the second somatosensory area (S2), but the synaptic organization of their axons in this area remained essentially unknown. On adult male mice, we combined axon labeling with serial section transmission electron microscopy and focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy to measure and compare functionally relevant structural parameters of synaptic boutons (SBs), e.g., bouton and mitochondrial volume, vesicle pool size, as well as postsynaptic density (PSD) distribution and size.
One way cancer specialists detect the disease is by examining cells and bodily fluids under a microscope, a time-consuming and labor-intensive process called cytology. It involves visually inspecting tens of thousands to one million cells per slide for subtle 3D morphological changes that might signal the onset of cancer. But AI offers an approach that is potentially faster and more accurate.
In a new study published in the journal Nature, researchers demonstrate an AI-powered 3D scanning system that can automatically sort through samples and identify abnormal cells with performance approaching that of human experts.
Building digital models The team developed a system called Whole-Slide Edge Tomography, which uses a scanner to capture a series of images at different depths to create a 3D digital model of every cell on a slide.