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Archive for the ‘biotech/medical’ category: Page 600

Jun 4, 2023

Study sheds light on metabolic enzymes and processes essential for DNA damage repair

Posted by in category: biotech/medical

In crisis, the nucleus calls antioxidant enzymes to the rescue. The nucleus being metabolically active is a profound paradigm shift with implications for cancer research.

Jun 4, 2023

Scientists are closer to understanding how much meditation training is needed to improve brain–computer interface performance

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, computing, health, neuroscience

Mindfulness-based awareness training can help people learn to better control brain-computer interfaces. But a new study has found that a single guided mindfulness meditation exercise isn’t enough to boost performance. The findings, published in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, suggest that a longer period of meditation is needed in order for people to experience observable improvements.

The authors of the research are interested in exploring the potential benefits of using mindfulness meditation as a training tool to improve the performance of brain-computer interfaces, which allow individuals to control machines or computers directly from their brain, bypassing the traditional neuromuscular pathway. These devices have the potential to greatly benefit people with conditions such as spinal cord injuries, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Previous studies have shown that one of the most effective signals for brain-computer interface control is the sensorimotor rhythm produced in the primary sensorimotor areas during motor imagery. However, not everyone is able to effectively control brain-computer interfaces, with approximately 20% of the population being “BCI-inefficient” even with extensive training. Therefore, researchers are looking for ways to improve performance, and one potential method is through meditation.

Jun 4, 2023

Resveratrol Extends Lifespan, But Only Under Two Experimental Conditions

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, genetics, life extension

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Jun 4, 2023

Elevated low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol: An inverse marker of morbidity and mortality in patients with myocardial infarction

Posted by in category: biotech/medical

Background The incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease increases with levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Yet, a paradox may exist where lower LDL-C levels at myocardial infarction (MI) are associated with poorer prognoses.

Jun 3, 2023

Meet the Folks Lining Up for Elon Musk’s Brain Implant

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, Elon Musk, neuroscience

https://youtube.com/watch?v=9G1iRUI8ip8

Neuralink Corp. has been cleared by the FDA to start human trials for its medical technology — and there’s no shortage of potential volunteers.

Jun 3, 2023

Alzheimer’s: New blood biomarker may predict risk of cognitive decline

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, neuroscience

A new study suggests that astrocytes, a type of brain cell, are important for connecting amyloid-β with the early stages of tau pathology, which could change how we define early Alzheimer’s disease.

Jun 3, 2023

Engineering the bacteriophage T4 to serve as a vector for molecular repair

Posted by in categories: bioengineering, biotech/medical, genetics

A team of medical scientists at The Catholic University of America, in Washington, D.C., working with a colleague from Purdue University, has developed a way to engineer the bacteriophage T4 to serve as a vector for molecular repair. The study is reported in the journal Nature Communications.

Prior research has shown that many human ailments arise due to : , Down syndrome, and hemophilia are just a few. Logic suggests that correcting such genetic mutations could cure these diseases. So researchers have been working toward developing gene editing tools that will allow for safe editing of genes.

One of the most promising is the CRISPR gene editing system. In this new effort, the research team took a more general approach to solving the problem by working to develop a vector that could be used to carry different kinds of tools to targeted cells and then enter them to allow for healing work to commence.

Jun 3, 2023

‘Almost magical’: chemists can now move single atoms in and out of a molecule’s core

Posted by in category: biotech/medical

An explosion of skeletal editing methods to insert, delete or swap individual atoms in molecular backbones could accelerate drug discovery.

Jun 3, 2023

AI Creates Killer Drug

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, chemistry, information science, robotics/AI

Researchers in Canada and the United States have used deep learning to derive an antibiotic that can attack a resistant microbe, acinetobacter baumannii, which can infect wounds and cause pneumonia. According to the BBC, a paper in Nature Chemical Biology describes how the researchers used training data that measured known drugs’ action on the tough bacteria. The learning algorithm then projected the effect of 6,680 compounds with no data on their effectiveness against the germ.

In an hour and a half, the program reduced the list to 240 promising candidates. Testing in the lab found that nine of these were effective and that one, now called abaucin, was extremely potent. While doing lab tests on 240 compounds sounds like a lot of work, it is better than testing nearly 6,700.

Interestingly, the new antibiotic seems only to be effective against the target microbe, which is a plus. It isn’t available for people yet and may not be for some time — drug testing being what it is. However, this is still a great example of how machine learning can augment human brainpower, letting scientists and others focus on what’s really important.

Jun 3, 2023

Genes Don’t Lie: DNA Reveals a New Twist in Human Origin Story

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, genetics

Contemporary DNA

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule composed of two long strands of nucleotides that coil around each other to form a double helix. It is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms that carries genetic instructions for development, functioning, growth, and reproduction. Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA).

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