A redesigned immune-activating cancer drug has produced striking early results in a small clinical trial, shrinking tumors and sometimes eliminating them entirely.
Category: biotech/medical – Page 8
Pathogenic Variants in Hypertrophic and Dilated Cardiomyopathies
Polygenic scores for hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies independently and oppositely modified disease risk and penetrance of pathogenic variants, supporting bidirectional genetic influences on Cardiomyopathy.
Question How is risk of hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy modified by polygenic background?
Findings In this cross-sectional study including 49 434 individuals in the Penn Medicine BioBank, polygenic scores for hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies were associated with clinical and echocardiographic measures relevant to both diseases and inversely modified the penetrance of pathogenic variants.
Meaning The findings indicate that polygenic background exists on an overlapping, opposing spectrum and may contribute to hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy susceptibility.
Study Explores Cancer-Like Traits in Endometriosis Including Abnormal Cell Growth and Tissue Invasion
Recent studies have examined the connection between endometriosis and cancer, revealing that the condition may exhibit several traits commonly associated with malignant tumors. Researchers have identified specific characteristics of endometriosis that align with established hallmarks of cancer, prompting a reevaluation of how this chronic gynecological disorder is understood and approached in medical research.
The investigation highlights parallels between endometriosis and cancer, including features such as abnormal cell growth, resistance to cell death, and the ability to invade surrounding tissues. These findings suggest that while endometriosis is not classified as a form of cancer, it shares biological behaviors typically observed in malignancies. The study underscores the complexity of endometriosis and its potential implications for treatment strategies and further research into its underlying mechanisms.
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Deneddylation of ribosomal proteins promotes synergy between MLN4924 and chemotherapy to elicit complete therapeutic responses
(Cell Reports 42, 112925; August 29, 2023)
The authors were made aware of an image duplication in their published paper. The representative photo in Figure 5B is the same as the image in Fig. 4g of Aubry et al., 2020, Oncogene 39, p. 5338–5357. The assays involved treating xenografts of the RB1021-luc retinoblastoma line, using either MLN4924 (MLN) and topotecan (TPT; Cell Reports) or the RAD51 inhibitor B02 and TPT (Oncogene). These assays were run and analyzed concurrently in 2018. For the Xenogen measurements of tumor growth, we first quantified the signal and recorded the values in tables. After all the mice were assessed, appropriate mice were placed together for representative images. Thus, the quantification, which was performed correctly, and acquisition/storage of the representative image, which was not, were performed separately. Our review of image files revealed that the representative image of the B02 + TPT series of mice was accidentally duplicated using the file name for the MLN + TPT series of mice.
A New Way to Boost the Powerhouses of the Cell Might Combat Aging and Degenerative Diseases, Lab Study Suggests
Creating mini mitochondria factories helped recharge damaged cells in a dish, providing proof-of-concept work that could pave the way to new regenerative medicine therapies
Cleaving mechanically stressed DNA
Wang and Wu et al. identify soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) as a key exerkine determining the efficacy of exercise in diabetes prevention, which is modulated by microbiome-dependent leucine through a gut-adipose tissue axis. Pharmacological or dietary interventions targeting adipocyte-secreted sIL-6R may help to improve the metabolic outcomes in those exercise non-responders.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University have developed a proof-of-concept technique to turn human skin cells into egg cells
Marking a first in reproductive science. The process involved transferring skin cell nuclei into donated eggs and stimulating them to behave like natural oocytes, some of which developed into early embryos in the lab. While none progressed beyond a few days and major safety hurdles remain, the study suggests a future path that could one day help women with infertility and expand options in reproductive medicine.
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The brain has a hidden language and scientists just found it
Researchers have created a protein that can detect the faint chemical signals neurons receive from other brain cells. By tracking glutamate in real time, scientists can finally see how neurons process incoming information before sending signals onward. This reveals a missing layer of brain communication that has been invisible until now. The discovery could reshape how scientists study learning, memory, and brain disease.
A hormone can access the brain by ‘hitchhiking’ on extracellular vesicles, researchers discover
Researchers at Touro University Nevada have discovered that tiny particles in the blood, called extracellular vesicles (EVs), are a major player in how a group of hormones are shuttled through the body. Physical exercise can stimulate this process.
The findings, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, open the door to deeper understanding of hormone circulation and access to the brain, how exercise may trigger changes in energy balance, mental health, and immune function, and circulation of certain drugs.
Blood and other body fluids are teeming with EVs—tiny particles that exist outside of cells. EVs transmit signals from cell-to-cell within tissues and a long distance across organ systems by delivering biological cargo such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids into cells. They also remove cell waste.