In work published in Science Advances, Hayato Goto from the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing in Japan has proposed a new quantum error correction approach using what he calls “many-hypercube codes.”
Category: computing – Page 206
Unlocking the secrets of diamond: New insights into nitrogen-vacancy center formation
Research teams from Wuhan University and the China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) have revealed new insights into the formation mechanism of nitrogen-vacancies (NV) centers in type-Ib diamonds, a phenomenon critical to quantum sensing and computing advancements. Using a novel irradiation and annealing method, the teams demonstrated how controlled temperature and orientation can significantly increase the density and depth of NV centers, paving the way for new applications in biological imaging and quantum technologies.
Google breakthrough paves way for large-scale quantum computers
Google has built a quantum computer that makes fewer errors as it is scaled up, and this may pave the way for machines that could solve useful real-world problems for the first time.
Uncertainty Minimization and Pattern Recognition in Volvox Carteri and Volvox Aureus
Learning and a spectrum of other behavioral competencies allow organisms to rapidly adapt to dynamically changing environmental variations. The emerging field of diverse intelligence seeks to understand what systems, besides ones with complex brains, exhibit these capacities. Here, we tested predictions of a general computational framework based on the free energy principle in neuroscience but applied to aneural biological process as established previously, by demonstrating and manipulating pattern recognition in a simple aneural organism, the green algae Volvox. Our studies of the adaptive photoresponse in Volvox reveal that aneural organisms can distinguish between patterned and randomized inputs and indicate how this is achieved mechanistically.
Radical New Super-Tough Transistor Could Revolutionize Electronics
A newly developed transistor device has shown exceptional levels of resilience in tests, performing so well, in fact, that it promises to transform the electronics and gadgets we make use of each day.
These tiny toggles are essential in just about every modern day electronic device, involved in storing data and processing information in a binary ‘on’ or ‘off’ state, switching back and forth multiple times a second.
Thanks to its remarkable combination of speed, size, and resilience to wear, this latest design potentially represents a huge upgrade for consumer devices like phones and laptops, as well as the data centers that store all of our information in the cloud.
For the first time, researchers achieve long-distance quantum teleportation over 44 kilometers
Quantum Teleportation Over 44 Kilometers Achieved, Paving the Way for a Quantum Internet Revolution
A team from Fermilab and the University of Calgary has achieved long-distance quantum teleportation over 44 kilometers, setting a new record. This breakthrough, detailed in Physical Review, advances the goal of creating a quantum internet—where qubits can be shared instantly through entanglement. This new capability could revolutionize data storage, precision sensing, and computing. The research demonstrates the potential for scaling up quantum systems and contributes to developing a blueprint for a national quantum internet. The previous record was only six kilometers, highlighting the significant progress made.
Crystallized alternative DNA structure sheds light on insulin and diabetes
The crystal structure the scientists developed can enable computational-based drug discovery to be used to target the i-motifs from the insulin gene, because when scientists know the specific 3D shape, they can design molecules digitally and model them to see whether they will fit.
Scientists can then develop new drugs using particular chemicals when they know which ones will fit the drug target best—a process called rational design.
As the first crystal structure of this type, the researchers say it will also be useful as a model for other targets in the genome, besides the insulin gene, which form this shape of DNA.
How Subjective is Entropy Really?
Physics stack exchange has recently been debating the question of the subjectivity of entropy.
I recommend Andrew Steane answer.
I’m a computer scientist doing some research that touches on basic concepts in statistical mechanics: macrostate, microstate and entropy. The way I’m currently conceiving of it is that the microstate includes all the information to perfectly the describe the state of a system, the macrostate provides some of the information, allowing you to narrow down the possibilities to a subset of states and a distribution over them, and the entropy roughly says how much information is still missing after you specify the macrostate.
From various places online, including this SE thread, I read that the choice of what to put in the macro-description depends on what state variables one is interested in. That SE answer seems to downplay the significance of this, but from my uninformed outsider perspective it seems like a big deal. I could, for example, make the entropy of any system zero if I choose the state variables to be the position and momentum of every particle (let’s just stick to the classical paradigm for now).
From the examples I’ve seen, there are only a few state variables such as temperature and pressure that are even considered, but could/does it ever happen that two different experimenters on the same system have different ‘opinions’ on what the state variables should be, and so calculate totally different values for entropy? If not, is there a satisfying reason why the choice of state variables is not as subjective as it appears?
Self-sensing cantilever design enhances microelectromechanical system performance in challenging environments
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are tiny devices that integrate various components, such as miniature sensors, electronics and actuators, onto a single chip. These small devices have proved highly promising for precisely detecting biological signals, acceleration, force and other measurements.
Most of the MEMS developed to date are made of silicon and silicon nitride. While some of these devices have achieved promising results, their material composition and design limit their sensitivity and versatility, for instance limiting their use in wet environments.
In a recent Nature Electronics paper, researchers at Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) introduced an innovative cantilever design for MEMS based on a polymer, a semiconductor and ceramic. Cantilevers are tiny flexible beams that can adapt their shape in response to external forces or molecular interactions, thus potentially serving as sensors or actuators.