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Category: health – Page 176

ChatGPT: Will It Transform the World of Health Care?

The recent introduction of the breathtaking AI tool ChatGPT has sparked a national dialogue about the future of artificial intelligence in health care, education, research, and beyond. In this session, four UCSF experts discuss AI’s current and potential uses, in areas ranging from research to education to clinical care. After a brief presentation by each speaker, DOM Chair Bob Wachter moderates a far-ranging panel discussion on the health care applications of ChatGPT.

Speakers:
Atul Butte, MD, PhD, professor of Pediatrics, Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics; director, UCSF Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute; chief data scientist, University of California Health System.

Daniel Lowenstein, MD, professor of Neurology; former executive vice chancellor and provost, UCSF

Sara Murray, MD, MAS, associate professor, Division of Hospital Medicine at UCSF Health; associate chief medical information officer, Inpatient Care and Data Science, UCSF Health.

Aaron Neinstein, MD, associate professor, Division of Endocrinology at UCSF Health; vice president of Digital Health, UCSF Health; senior director, UCSF Center for Digital Health Innovation.

Note: Closed captions will be available within 48–72 hours after posting.

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Palm oil alternative is better for health and environment

A new palm oil substitute called PALM-ALT has been developed by researchers at Queen Margaret University in Scotland. The plant-based ingredient is shown to be healthier, as well as 70% better for the environment than conventional palm oil and is described as “the holy grail to replace it.”

Food experts at Queen Margaret University (QMU) in Edinburgh have developed a new ingredient which has the potential to replace palm oil in bakery products. The new substitute is both healthier and more environmentally friendly than palm oil, which is currently used in a vast amount of baked goods. This could be a game-changing solution for the food industry, allowing manufacturers to satisfy increasing demand for tasty, lower fat, healthier products, whilst also reducing deforestation of the world’s rainforests.

Alarming Global Cancer Surge: 79% Rise in Cancer Cases Among Those Under 50

Global cancer cases in those under 50 surged by 79% over the past 30 years, with breast, windpipe, and prostate cancers leading the rise. The findings call for a global strategy emphasizing prevention, early detection, and tailored treatments for younger patients.

There’s been a striking 79% increase in new cases of cancer among the under 50s around the world over the past three decades (1990−2019), finds research published in the open-access journal BMJ Oncology.

Breast cancer accounted for the highest number of ‘early onset’ cases in this age group in 2019. But cancers of the windpipe (nasopharynx) and prostate have risen the fastest since 1990, the analysis reveals. Cancers exacting the heaviest death toll and compromising health the most among younger adults in 2019 were those of the breast, windpipe, lung, bowel, and stomach.

Hauser PI on $1.2 million grant to expand and refine robotic eye examination system

A collaboration between researchers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and Duke University has developed a robotic eye examination system, and the National Institutes of Health has awarded the researchers $1.2 million to expand and refine the system.

The researchers have developed a robotic system that automatically positions examination sensors to scan human eyes. It currently uses an optical scan technique which can operate from a reasonably safe distance from the eye, and now the researchers are working to add more features that will help it perform most steps of a standard eye exam. These features will require the system to operate in closer proximity to the eye.

“Instead of having to spend time in a doctor’s office going through the manual steps of routine examinations, a robotic system can do this automatically,” said Kris Hauser, a U. of I. computer science professor and the study’s principal investigator. “This would mean faster and more widespread screening leading to better health outcomes for more people. But to achieve this, we need to develop safer and more reliable controls, and this award allows us to do just that.”

HIMSSCast: What the C-suite needs to know about generative AI’s disruptive effects

Generative artificial intelligence – the kind of AI behind the hugely popular ChatGPT application – already is disrupting the healthcare industry. C-suite executives and other health IT leaders at provider organizations need to know much to keep up and what to be wary of.

Venky Anant is a partner at research and consulting firm McKinsey Digital. He is our guest on this week’s podcast. He has vast expertise in AI and knows well its disruptive potential.

Dr. Peter Fleischut, M.D. — GSVP / Chief Information & Transformation Officer, NewYork-Presbyterian

Leveraging Technology For Innovative, Patient-Centered Clinical Care — Dr. Peter Fleischut, MD — Group Senior Vice President And Chief Information & Transformation Officer, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital

Dr. Peter M. Fleischut, M.D., is Group Senior Vice President and Chief Information and Transformation Officer at NewYork-Presbyterian (https://www.nyp.org/)where he oversees the strategic vision and management of enterprise information technology, lab operations, pharmacy operations, innovation, data and analytics, artificial intelligence, telemedicine, and cybersecurity.

Dr. Fleischut has led the development of the Hospital’s award-winning digital health services and the implementation of clinical operations at NewYork-Presbyterian David H. Koch Center, a world-class ambulatory care center. In his previous role as Senior Vice President and Chief Transformation Officer, he focused on creating a single electronic medical record across NewYork-Presbyterian and its affiliated medical schools, Weill Cornell Medicine and Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons.

Dr. Fleischut also led efforts to standardize care across NYP’s ten hospitals and hundreds of clinics and doctor practices, and oversaw all aspects of Graduate Medical Education (GME) for programs across the NYP enterprise.

Joining NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell in 2006, Dr. Fleischut previously served as Medical Director of Operating Rooms, Deputy Quality Patient Safety Officer, founding Director of the Center for Perioperative Outcomes, Vice Chairman, Chief Medical Information Officer, Chief Innovation Officer and Chief Medical Operating Officer.

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Dr George Dodge — CEO & Co-Founder — Mechano-Therapeutics — Revolutionizing Musculoskeletal Health

Revolutionizing Musculoskeletal Health Through Microcapsule Drug Delivery — Dr. @George R. Dodge, Ph.D. — CEO & Co-Founder — Mechano-Therapeutics LLC

Dr. George R. Dodge, Ph.D. is CEO & Co-Founder of Mechano-Therapeutics LLC (https://mechano-therapeutics.com/), a biotechnology company spun out from his lab, and the labs of his partners Dr. Rob Mauck and Dr. Daeyeon Lee, at the University of Pennsylvania, specializing in microcapsule development using proprietary microfluidics for drug encapsulation, with a mission to revolutionize musculoskeletal health using an innovative platform technology to enhance delivery of therapeutics for improving patient outcomes.

Dr. Dodge recently served on the faculty of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; as Director, Philadelphia VA Shared Instrument Core; and Director, Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Philadelphia Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical Center, Department of Veteran Affairs.

Dr. Dodge has a B.S. (Biology) from Asbury College, a B.S. (Biology and Health Science / Public Health) from State University of New York, a Ph.D. (Biochemistry and Immunology) from McGill University, and did Post-Graduate work in Molecular and Cell Biology, at Thomas Jefferson University Department of Pathology and Cell Biology.

Dr. Dodge is an established investigator with a career long commitment to translational musculoskeletal research and in particular research focused on cartilage and chondrocyte biology, extracellular matrix and research related to osteoarthritis.

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AlphaFold tool pinpoints protein mutations that cause disease

Many of the genetic mutations that directly cause a condition, such as those responsible for cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell disease, tend to change the amino acid sequence of the protein that they encode. But researchers have observed only a few million of these single-letter ‘missense mutations’. Of the more than 70 million such mutations that can occur in the human genome, only a sliver have been linked conclusively to disease, and most seem to have no ill effect on health.

So when researchers and doctors find a missense mutation that they’ve never seen before, it can be difficult to know what to make of it. To help interpret such ‘variants of unknown significance’, researchers have developed dozens of computational tools that can predict whether a variant is likely to cause disease. AlphaMissense incorporates existing approaches to the problem, which are increasingly being addressed with machine learning.

Consumer Health: What do you know about these 3 childhood cancers?

The types of cancer that occur in children often are different from those in adults. Childhood cancers usually are not linked to lifestyle or environmental risk factors, as is often the case in adults. Nonetheless, cancer is the second-leading cause of death in children 1 to 14 years old, according to the American Cancer Society. Nearly 10,000 children in the U.S. under the age of 15 will be diagnosed with cancer in 2023, and about 1,000 children are expected to die of the disease.

September is Childhood Cancer Awareness Month, which makes this a good time to learn about three of the most common types of cancer in children: acute lymphocytic leukemia, neuroblastoma and pediatric brain tumors.

Acute lymphocytic leukemia is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow. It’s the most common type of cancer in children, and treatments result in a good chance for a cure. Acute lymphocytic leukemia also can occur in adults, though the chance of a cure is greatly reduced.

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