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Category: neuroscience – Page 13

The Singularity Countdown: AGI by 2029, Humans Merge with AI, Intelligence 1000x | Ray Kurzweil

Ray Kurzweil predicts humans will merge with artificial intelligence (AI) by 2045, resulting in a 1000x increase in intelligence and marking the beginning of a new era of unprecedented innovation, potentially transforming human life and society ## ## Questions to inspire discussion.

Preparing for AI Timeline.

đŸ€– Q: When should I expect human-level AI and what defines it? A: Human-level AI arrives by 2029, defined not by passing the Turing test (which only matches an ordinary person), but as AGI requiring expertise in thousands of fields and the ability to combine insights across disciplines.

🧠 Q: When will the singularity occur and what intelligence gain can I expect? A: The singularity happens by 2045 when humanity merges with AI to become 1000x more intelligent, creating a seamless merger where biological and computational thought processes become indistinguishable.

⚡ Q: How much change should I prepare for in the next decade? A: Expect as much change in the next 10 years as occurred in the last 100 years (1925−2025), with AGI and supercomputers by 2035 enabling merging with AI for 1000x intelligence increase.

Career and Economic Adaptation.

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Turning MRI into a quantitative microscope to detect white matter injury

Early diagnosis and noninvasive monitoring of neurological disorders require sensitivity to elusive cellular-level alterations that emerge much earlier than volumetric changes observable with millimeter-resolution medical imaging.

Morphological changes in axons—the tube-like projections of neurons that transmit electrical signals and constitute the bulk of the brain’s white matter—are a common hallmark of a wide range of neurological disorders, as well as normal development and aging.

A study from the University of Eastern Finland (UEF) and the New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine establishes a direct analytical link between the axonal microgeometry and noninvasive, millimeter-scale diffusion MRI (dMRI) signals—diffusion MRI measures the diffusion of water molecules within biological tissues and is sensitive to tissue microstructure.

A genetic breakthrough links early-onset diabetes to brain disorders

Paediatric teams are now facing babies whose diabetes appears in the first weeks of life, then rapidly reveals deep problems in brain growth and function. A new genetic finding sheds light on how a single molecular fault can disrupt both blood sugar control and early brain development.

Neonatal diabetes is diagnosed in the first six months of life, often within days or weeks after birth. Unlike the more common type 1 diabetes, which usually shows up in children and teenagers, neonatal diabetes is almost always genetic.

Doctors typically notice poor feeding, weight loss, dehydration and extremely high blood sugar. In many cases, the root cause is a mutation that stops the pancreas from making enough insulin. That alone makes neonatal diabetes a medical emergency.

A Single Molecule May Explain How Blood Flow in The Brain Triggers Dementia

Reduced blood flow to the brain is thought to be a key factor in many forms of dementia, including Alzheimer’s, and scientists have just identified a new mechanism regulating this flow, which may also help explain how it goes wrong.

A fat molecule helps maintain the system’s balance, researchers at the University of Vermont discovered, and in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease, disruption of this balance led to problems.

Fixing the imbalance restored more normal blood flow, offering a hopeful new target for understanding and treating dementia-related brain changes.

Organ cross-talk: molecular mechanisms, biological functions, and therapeutic interventions for diseases

3. Pathology as Network Dysregulation.

In recent years, a transformative view of physiology has emerged: the body operates not as isolated organs, but as an integrated communication network in which signals flow bidirectionally between the brain, the immune system, the gut, and peripheral organs. This comprehensive review synthesizes current mechanistic insights into this “organ cross-talk” and frames them within systems biology and neuroscience.

At its core, organ cross-talk encompasses neural, endocrine, metabolic, and immune signaling between organs that coordinate homeostasis and orchestrate responses to stress and disease. From a neuroscience vantage point, three themes stand out:

1. The Brain as a Communication Hub.

2. Peripheral Feedback to the CNS.

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Motor protein discovery in fruit flies may unlock neurodegenerative secrets

Scientists have long known that inherited neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s or motor neuron disease, can be traced back to genetic mutations. However, how they cause the diseases remains unanswered.

In today’s issue of the journal Current Biology Professor Andreas Prokop revealed that so-called “motor proteins” can provide key answers in this quest.

The research by the Prokop group focuses on nerve fibers, also called axons. Axons are the delicate biological cables that send messages between the brain and body to control our movements and behavior. Intriguingly, axons need to survive and stay functional for our entire lifetime.

Scientists Discover Brain Cancer Begins in “Normal” Cells Long Before Tumors Appear

New research reveals that certain brain tumors may originate silently within normal brain cells long before a tumor forms. IDH-mutant glioma is a malignant brain cancer linked to changes in a single gene (IDH), and it is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults younger than 50. Doctors oft

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