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Category: quantum physics – Page 127

Shape of electrons is revealed for the first time through big advance in quantum physics

For the first time, researchers have measured the shape of an electron as it moves through a solid. This achievement could open a new way of looking at how electrons behave inside different materials.

Their discovery highlights many effects that could be relevant to everything from quantum information science to electronics manufacturing.

Those findings come from a team led by physicist Riccardo Comin, MIT’s Class of 1947 Career Development Associate Professor of Physics and leader of the work, in collaboration with other institutions.

Clocking nature’s heaviest elementary particle: CMS tests whether top quarks play by Einstein’s rules

In the first study of its kind at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the CMS collaboration has tested whether top quarks adhere to Einstein’s special theory of relativity. The research is published in the journal Physics Letters B.

Along with , Einstein’s special theory of relativity serves as the basis of the Standard Model of particle physics. At its heart is a concept called Lorentz symmetry: experimental results are independent of the orientation or the speed of the experiment with which they are taken.

Special relativity has stood the test of time. However, some theories, including particular models of string theory, predict that, at very high energies, special relativity will no longer work and experimental observations will depend on the orientation of the experiment in space-time.

Engineering the first semimetallic Weyl quantum crystal

An international team of researchers led by the Strong Correlation Quantum Transport Laboratory of the RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) has demonstrated, in a world’s first, an ideal Weyl semimetal, marking a breakthrough in a decade-old problem of quantum materials.

Weyl fermions arise as collective quantum excitations of electrons in crystals. They are predicted to show exotic electromagnetic properties, attracting intense worldwide interest.

However, despite the careful study of thousands of crystals, most Weyl materials to date exhibit electrical conduction governed overwhelmingly by undesired, trivial electrons, obscuring the Weyl fermions. At last, researchers have synthesized a material hosting a single pair of Weyl fermions and no irrelevant electronic states.

Quantum computer efficiently suppresses errors with two different correction codes

Computers also make mistakes. These are usually suppressed by technical measures or detected and corrected during the calculation. In quantum computers, this involves some effort, as no copy can be made of an unknown quantum state. This means that the state cannot be saved multiple times during the calculation and an error cannot be detected by comparing these copies.

Inspired by classical computer science, has developed a different method in which the is distributed across several entangled and stored redundantly in this way. How this is done is defined in so-called correction codes.

In 2022, a team led by Thomas Monz from the Department of Experimental Physics at the University of Innsbruck and Markus Müller from the Department of Quantum Information at RWTH Aachen and the Peter Grünberg Institute at Forschungszentrum Jülich in Germany implemented a universal set of operations on fault-tolerant quantum bits, demonstrating how an algorithm can be programmed on a quantum computer so that errors can be corrected efficiently.

Quantum Computers Just Got Smarter With Dual-Code Error Correction

A team of physicists has introduced an innovative error-correction method for quantum computers, enabling them to switch error correction codes on-the-fly to manage complex computations more effectively and with fewer errors.

Error Correction in Quantum Computing

Computers can make mistakes, but in classical systems, these errors are usually detected and corrected using various technical methods. Quantum computers, however, face a unique challenge — quantum states cannot be copied. This limitation means that errors cannot be identified by comparing multiple saved copies, as is done in classical computing.

Revolutionary Microscopy Unlocks the Secrets of Quantum Entanglement

Scientists have developed ‘entanglement microscopy,’ a technique that maps quantum entanglement at a microscopic level.

By studying the deep connections between particles, researchers can now visualize the hidden structures of quantum matter, offering new perspectives on particle interaction that could revolutionize technology and our understanding of the universe.

Quantum entanglement is a fascinating phenomenon where particles remain mysteriously linked, even when separated by vast distances. Understanding how this connection works, especially in complex quantum systems, has been a long-standing challenge in physics.