Lifeboat Foundation: Safeguarding Humanity
Toggle light / dark theme

Blog

Category: space – Page 8

How two dim stars came together to shine brightly

Brown dwarfs get a bad rap in the stellar world, often labeled as “failed stars” for their inability to sustain nuclear fusion at their cores. The mass of these objects falls between planets and stars, ranging from 13 to 80 times the mass of Jupiter. Because they aren’t massive enough to sustain fusion, they are far fainter and cooler than their stellar comrades.

Now, a new finding led by researchers at Caltech shows how these dim bulbs can join together to shine brightly. Searching through archival observations captured by the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) at Caltech’s Palomar Observatory, researchers have identified a very tight-knit pair of brown dwarfs in which one is actively siphoning material from the other.

Ultimately, the brown dwarfs are expected to merge to form a new star; alternatively, the brown dwarf gaining the extra mass will ignite to become a star. Either way, a pair of failed stars will have created a brilliant new star.

NASA’s Hubble unexpectedly catches comet breaking up

In a happy twist of fate, NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope witnessed a comet in the act of breaking apart. The chance of that happening while Hubble watched is extraordinarily minuscule. The findings are published in the journal Icarus.

The comet K1, whose full name is C/2025 K1 (ATLAS)—not to be confused with interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS—was not the original target of the Hubble study.

“Sometimes the best science happens by accident,” said co-investigator John Noonan, a research professor in the Department of Physics at Auburn University in Alabama. “This comet got observed because our original comet was not viewable due to some new technical constraints after we won our proposal. We had to find a new target—and right when we observed it, it happened to break apart, which is the slimmest of slim chances.”

Experiment challenges hypothesis of cell-like membranes on Titan

New experimental results have cast doubt on earlier proposals suggesting that spherical, cell-like membranes could form in the methane lakes of Saturn’s largest moon. Through results published in Science Advances, Tuan Vu and Robert Hodyss at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory suggest that exobiologists will likely need to explore alternative routes when considering the possibility of life on Titan.

Despite frigid surface temperatures of around −180 °C during the day, Titan is widely considered to be one of the most Earth-like bodies in the solar system. With a dense atmosphere composed mostly of nitrogen, its surface hosts lakes and seas of liquid methane and ethane, which flow, evaporate, and fall as rain in much the same way as water does on Earth.

For decades, this striking similarity to our own water cycle has inspired exobiologists to consider whether exotic forms of life could have evolved under these conditions. In 2015, researchers at Cornell University took this idea a step further through molecular-dynamics simulations designed to recreate Titan’s environment.

Discrete time crystal acts as a usable sensor for weak magnetic oscillations

The bizarre properties of discrete time crystals could be harnessed to detect extremely subtle oscillations of magnetic fields, physicists in the US and Germany have revealed. Publishing their results in Nature Physics, a team led by Ashok Ajoy at the University of California, Berkeley, show for the first time that these exotic materials could have practical uses far beyond their current status as an impractical curiosity.

Discrete time crystals (DTCs) are an exotic phase of matter which break entirely from the rules which apply to classical materials. Whereas an ordinary crystal is made up of atomic or molecular patterns that repeat at regular intervals in space, DTCs have structures that constantly oscillate in repeating cycles when driven by an external protocol, without ever reaching thermal equilibrium.

“Since their initial experimental demonstrations in 2017, there has been enormous excitement surrounding these states,” explains co-author Paul Schindler at the Max Planck Institute of Complex Systems. “Yet a persistent question has remained unanswered: can this exotic order be harnessed for practical applications?”

Ben Goertzel responds

As part of Future Day 2026, we hosted a conversation between two of the most provocative minds in AGI – Ben Goertzel and Hugo de Garis (with Adam Ford as moderator/provocateur) – to tackle the ultimate existential question: Is an Artilect War inevitable, and should humanity accept becoming the “number two” species?

The discussion will build upon last years discussion between Ben and Hugo on AGI and the Singularity.

It will explore the idea of human transcendence. If we can’t beat them, do we join them?

Will humanity transcend into a Jupiter brain quectotech utility fog?

Is the Artilect War the inevitable conclusion of biological intelligence? Or can we find a path toward existing in a universe that still finds us aesthetically pleasing?

0:00 Intro.

Continue reading “Ben Goertzel responds” | >

A clear roadmap for engineering combs of light

Optical frequency combs—laser sources that emit evenly spaced colors of light—are foundational, ubiquitous tools for precision measurement, found in optical clocks, gas-sensing spectrometers, and instruments that detect the light signatures of exoplanets. Traditionally, frequency combs are produced by large, fiber-laser systems ranging from the size of a shoebox to a refrigerator.

Engineers at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) are at the forefront of shrinking these powerful laser sources onto photonic chips to make “microcombs” at millimeter to micron scales, useful not only for their smaller size, but in next-generation telecommunications applications, such as generating multiple data carriers over a single optical fiber.

New research led by Marko Lončar, the Tiantsai Lin Professor of Electrical Engineering and Applied Physics, describes a new, generalized model for how to design so-called resonant electro-optic microcombs on thin-film lithium niobate, a material featuring a strong electro-optic effect, or the ability to efficiently mix electronic signals with optical ones.

/* */