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Archive for the ‘biological’ category

Sep 21, 2024

Foundation models build on ChatGPT tech to learn the fundamental language of biology

Posted by in categories: biological, information science, robotics/AI

Scientists are using ever more sophisticated AI algorithms trained on vast, unlabeled datasets to develop models that can ‘interpret’ biological data to help guide biomolecule design.

Sep 21, 2024

Spiking Neural Networks and Their Applications: A Review

Posted by in categories: biological, drones, neuroscience, robotics/AI

The past decade has witnessed the great success of deep neural networks in various domains. However, deep neural networks are very resource-intensive in terms of energy consumption, data requirements, and high computational costs. With the recent increasing need for the autonomy of machines in the real world, e.g., self-driving vehicles, drones, and collaborative robots, exploitation of deep neural networks in those applications has been actively investigated. In those applications, energy and computational efficiencies are especially important because of the need for real-time responses and the limited energy supply. A promising solution to these previously infeasible applications has recently been given by biologically plausible spiking neural networks. Spiking neural networks aim to bridge the gap between neuroscience and machine learning, using biologically realistic models of neurons to carry out the computation. Due to their functional similarity to the biological neural network, spiking neural networks can embrace the sparsity found in biology and are highly compatible with temporal code. Our contributions in this work are: (i) we give a comprehensive review of theories of biological neurons; (ii) we present various existing spike-based neuron models, which have been studied in neuroscience; (iii) we detail synapse models; (iv) we provide a review of artificial neural networks; (v) we provide detailed guidance on how to train spike-based neuron models; (vi) we revise available spike-based neuron frameworks that have been developed to support implementing spiking neural networks; (vii) finally, we cover existing spiking neural network applications in computer vision and robotics domains. The paper concludes with discussions of future perspectives.

Keywords: spiking neural networks, biological neural network, autonomous robot, robotics, computer vision, neuromorphic hardware, toolkits, survey, review.

Sep 19, 2024

An Incredible Organism Is Evolving at Lightning Speed—Faster Than We Ever Imagined Possible

Posted by in category: biological

Rip up the old rules of biology.

Sep 19, 2024

Sara Imari Walker: Using physics to rethink the definition of life

Posted by in categories: biological, physics

Sara Imari Walker is a professor of physics at Arizona State University and the author of a new book Life as No One Knows It: The Physics of Life’s Emergence. As I wrote in my review of the book, I’m a big fan of Walker’s work (full disclosure, we have collaborated before on a paper and a proposal).

The subject of her work and the new book is what might be called the “Physics of Life.” This is different from biophysics, which tries to account for specific physics aspects of biological processes. Instead, the Physics of Life has a more ambitious goal: to understand what separates living from non-living systems.

Along with her collaborators, Walker developed Assembly Theory, which focuses on “selection” and is a fundamental physics account for the difference between life and non-life. Assembly Theory quantifies complexity by measuring how many unique steps are needed to build a molecular structure. By identifying complex patterns that signify biological processes, this framework could help scientists detect life forms on other worlds — even those that may not look like anything we’re familiar with on Earth.

Sep 19, 2024

“Third state” of existence beyond life and death confirmed by study

Posted by in categories: biological, law

In science fiction movies like Frankenstein and Re-Animator, human bodies are revived, existing in a strange state between life and death. While this may seem like pure fantasy, a recent study suggests that a “third state” of existence might actually be present in modern biology.

According to the researchers, this third state occurs when the cells of a dead organism continue to function after its death, sometimes gaining new capabilities they never had while the organism was alive.

Amazingly, if further experiments on cells from dead animals — including humans — prove this ability, it could even challenge the definition of legal death.

Sep 16, 2024

“GENES ARE NOT THE BLUEPRINT FOR LIFE” | Denis Noble

Posted by in category: biological

Denis Noble is a renowned biologist and pioneer in systems biology, known for his groundbreaking work on the heart and his influential contributions to the understanding of biological systems.

Listen on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4gL14b9

Continue reading “‘GENES ARE NOT THE BLUEPRINT FOR LIFE’ | Denis Noble” »

Sep 15, 2024

U(1) dynamics in neuronal activities

Posted by in categories: biological, neuroscience

Scientific Reports volume 12, Article number: 17,629 (2022) Cite this article.

Sep 12, 2024

Axon-like active signal transmission

Posted by in categories: biological, computing, neuroscience

Dr. Tim Brown.

Taking…

Axon-mimicking Materials for Computing https://engineering.tamu.edu/news/2024/09/axon-mimicking-mat…uting.html.

Continue reading “Axon-like active signal transmission” »

Sep 12, 2024

The Computational Biology Revolution

Posted by in categories: biological, robotics/AI

A deep dive into how AI is breathing new life into biological research.

Sep 12, 2024

Powered by renewable energy, microbes turn CO₂ into protein and vitamins

Posted by in categories: biological, health, sustainability

However, the yeast should be treated to rid compounds that can increase the risk of gout if consumed excessively. Even so, treated yeast still meets 41% of the daily protein requirement, comparable to traditional protein sources.

This technology aims to address several global challenges: environmental conservation, , and public health. Running on clean energy and CO2, the system reduces carbon emissions in food production. It uncouples land use from farming, freeing up space for conservation.

Angenent also stresses that it will not outcompete farmers. Instead, the technology will help farmers concentrate on producing vegetables and crops sustainably. The team’s yeast may also help developing nations overcome food scarcity and by delivering protein and vitamin B9.

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